內(nèi)窺鏡泛指各種管道進入人體，以觀察人體內(nèi)部狀況的醫(yī)療儀器。
Endoscopes generally refer to medical instruments that enter the human body through various channels to observe the internal conditions of the human body.
利用內(nèi)窺鏡可以看到X射線不能顯示的病變，因此，對醫(yī)生非常有用。
Using an endoscope can see lesions that cannot be displayed by X-rays, making it very useful for doctors.
比如借助內(nèi)窺鏡，醫(yī)生使用胃鏡可以觀察胃內(nèi)的潰瘍和腫瘤，根據(jù)此制定最佳的制造方案。
For example, with the help of an endoscope, doctors can observe ulcers and tumors in the stomach and develop the best manufacturing plan based on this.
部分內(nèi)窺鏡同時具有治療的功能。
Some endoscopes also have therapeutic functions.
內(nèi)窺鏡包括膀胱鏡、胃鏡、大腸鏡、支氣管鏡、腹腔鏡等。
Endoscopy includes cystoscopy, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, laparoscopy, etc.
膀胱鏡可以檢查尿道、膀胱的情況，胃鏡可以檢查胃、食道、十二指腸的情況，腸鏡可以檢查結(jié)腸、直腸的情況，支氣管鏡可以檢查氣管、支氣管的情況，腹腔鏡可以檢查腹腔臟器的情況。
Cystoscopy can check the condition of the urethra and bladder, gastroscopy can check the condition of the stomach, esophagus, and duodenum, colonoscopy can check the condition of the colon and rectum, bronchoscopy can check the condition of the trachea and bronchi, and laparoscopy can check the condition of abdominal organs.
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